Understanding Carpal Tunnel

The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway in the wrist, about an inch wide. The floor and sides of the tunnel are formed by small wrist bones, called carpal bones. Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) occurs when the median nerve passing through the wrist is pinched or compressed, causing a progressively painful condition. The compression is often caused by a swelling or narrowing of the carpal tunnel that creates added pressure on the nerve, leading to unpleasant and bothersome symptoms.

CAUSES OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME (CTS)

CTS has many causes, and in most cases is caused by a combination of different factors. Here are a few factors that may cause or contribute to CTS:

• Anatomy – some people’s anatomy may naturally be more prone to CTS than others. Wrist injuries can also alter the anatomy and make CTS more likely
• Health Conditions – Inflammatory or nerve-damaging conditions, like diabetes or arthritis, may contribute to a higher risk of CTS
• Women are more likely than men to experience CTS
• Fluid retention caused by pregnancy, lymphedema, menopause and other conditions can cause swelling that can lead to CTS
• Ergonomics and activities at the workplace can sometimes cause CTS. Working with vibrating tools or prolonged and repetitive movements can irritate the tendons and cause swelling that pressures key nerves

SYMPTOMS OF CTS

At the onset of symptoms, ice and rest of the affected hand are the best first line of defense against Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. If symptoms don’t subside or if relief doesn’t last, further treatment may be necessary to reduce symptoms and prevent flare-ups.

• Numbness or tingling in the thumb, index, middle and ring fingers on the palm side of the hand
• Aching in the hand, wrist or forearm
• Sharp pain, burning or the feeling of an electric shock in the thumb and/or fingers
• Weakness, especially a weakness of the thumb’s pinching muscles
• Clumsiness of the hand, as simple tasks may become difficult or you may be more likely to drop things

For most people, CTS symptoms begin gradually and often start with numbness and tingling. In mild cases symptoms may come and go, but if things worsen they may become constant. CTS is usually diagnosed by a healthcare provider based on a physical examination with range of motion testing and a review of the patient’s symptom history.

HOW CAN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY HELP?

It is a myth that CTS is caused by repetitive movements alone – it is actually caused by a variety of factors. Because of this, each person can benefit from a customized treatment approach for their specific needs and condition.

An experienced occupational therapist or certified hand therapist can provide:

• Custom exercise and stretching plan designed for your symptoms, anatomy and lifestyle
• Strengthening activities to identify and correct problematic weaknesses
• Targeted massage to increase blood flow, decrease swelling and improve flexibility
• Splinting to target swelling and promote proper rest of irritated tendons
• Education on routines, posture and proper adaptations that can help relieve and prevent symptoms
• Surgical recovery, in cases where CTS is severe enough to require surgery

We have experienced hand therapist at two Renue locations in Frankenmuth and on Bay Road in Saginaw. Learn more or request an appointment online at www.renuept.com/handtherapy.