Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMJ & TMD): Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

You may have heard the terms TMD and TMJ before, but what exactly does that mean?

“TMJ” is often used to describe Temporomandibular Joint dysfunction, a common condition that limits the natural function of the jaw. TMJ affects men and women but is most common in women ages 20-40.

What causes TMJ dysfunction?

There are many causes of TMJ dysfunction, but some common causes include:

• Poor posture habits
• Forward head posture (often from sitting at a desk or long periods on the phone)
• Chronic jaw clenching, especially when caused by stress

What are the symptoms of TMJ dysfunction?

• Chronic jaw pain is the most common symptom. (Please note: Jaw pain can also be a symptom of a heart attack. Seek medical attention immediately if jaw pain is accompanied by: chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, left arm pain, numbness in left arm, or nausea)
• Jaw fatigue
• Difficulty opening your mouth to eat or talk
• Clicking or popping of the jaw
• Ringing in ears
• Dizziness, headache, neck pain
• Locking jaw

Myths About TMJ Dysfunction

• MYTH #1: TMJ dysfunction only affects your jaw. Even though TMJ dysfunction originates in your temporomandibular joint, the joint is connected to a more complex system. TMJ can progress and cause pain in the head, ears, neck and shoulders
• MYTH #2: TMJ dysfunction requires oral surgery. When people hear about joint issues, they often think of surgery. There may be severe cases of TMJ dysfunction that require surgery, but most cases can be resolved with less invasive methods like physical therapy and therapeutic massage.
• MYTH #3: TMJ dysfunction is permanent. Good news – pain caused by TMJ dysfunction does not need to be permanent! By working with your dentist and an experienced physical therapist, you can receive a customized plan to help address your specific symptoms, manage pain and prevent future issues.

What can be done about TMJ?

Your dentist can help determine if you are clenching or grinding your teeth, and can write you a prescription for physical therapy.

Your physical therapist can help improve normal movement of your jaw to help decrease pain. They can also educate you on improving your posture to help prevent future dysfunction. Manual therapy skills including massage can also decrease muscle tension.

In some cases, your therapist may recommend a bite guard that can be provided by your dentist.

Regardless of the cause of TMJ, you have options and you don’t have to live in pain! Contact us to schedule your free 15-minute consultation to see if physical therapy is right for you.